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RNA-seq Pipeline Overview

This section covers the analysis pipeline for RNA-seq data, used to quantify gene expression levels across the transcriptome.

What is RNA-seq?

RNA-seq (RNA sequencing) is a technique to study the transcriptome - measuring gene expression levels by sequencing RNA molecules.

Pipeline Steps

  1. Quality Control - FastQC analysis of raw reads
  2. Trimming - Removing adapters and low-quality bases (fastp)
  3. Alignment - Mapping reads to reference genome or transcriptome (STAR)
  4. Post-alignment processing - Filtering, duplicate removal, BAM file processing (samtools)
  5. Visualization - Creating bigWig files and plots (bamCoverage)
  6. Quantification - Counting reads per gene (featureCounts)
  7. Differential Expression Analysis - Statistical comparison between conditions (DESeq2)

Typical Outputs

  • BAM files (aligned reads)
  • BigWig files for visualization
  • Count matrices (gene expression levels)
  • QC reports